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Perry Johnson suspends long shot presidential campaign_我的网站

一 |     这种蛋白质被称为SHMOOSE，是一种微小的"微蛋白"，由细胞内产生能量的线粒体中一个新发现的基因编码。

二 | 该基因的突变使SHMOOSE微蛋白部分失活，并与四个不同队列中的阿尔茨海默病风险增加30%有关。

三 |     Months after missing the first primary debate stage -- which prompted a complaint with the Republican National Committee -- businessman Perry Johnson has decided to suspend his short-lived presidential campaign, he announced Friday."With no opportunity to share my vision on the debate stage, I have decided at this time, suspending my campaign is the right thing to do," Johnson said in a statement.He has not withdrawn completely and will remain on the ballot in early states like New Hampshire where he attended the NH GOP's First in the Nation Leadership Summit just days ago.Johnson is the third candidate to drop out of the presidential race, after Rep. Will Hurd and Miami Mayor Francis Suarez halted their campaigns earlier this year.Johnson took multiple swipes at the RNC amid a potential legal battle he claimed he would wage against the committee after failing to meet the polling criteria to make the first debate stage.He subsequently filed an FEC complaint against the RNC and Fox News, which hosted the first debate, accusing them of "a collusive effort to cherry-pick participants."Johnson's campaign told ABC News "he's not ruled anything out" when asked whether he would move forward with the complaints now that he has suspended his campaign."I've said it before and I'll say it again: the people should decide the next president of the United States, not the head of the RNC and her cronies," Johnson said in his statement.An author and a wealthy businessman, Johnson funded almost the entirely of his presidential campaign with his own money, loaning $12 million to his campaign and contributing more than $1.5 million worth of flights for his campaign through his private plane, his campaign disclosure reports show.。

四 | 据研究人员称，几乎25%的欧洲血统的人有这种蛋白质的突变版本。阿尔茨海默病是最普遍的痴呆症类型。这是一种渐进式的疾病，从轻微的记忆丧失开始，可能会导致丧失进行对话和对环境做出反应的能力。根据美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的数据，在2020年，多达580万美国人患有阿尔茨海默病。这项研究于9月21日发表在《分子精神病学》杂志上。研究人员表示，这种以前未被发现的突变的巨大风险和高流行率都使它与其他涉及阿尔茨海默病的蛋白质有所区别。除了APOE4--这种疾病最有力的已知遗传风险因素--只有数量有限的其他基因突变被发现，而且这些突变只轻微地增加了不到10%的风险。此外，由于微蛋白的大小与胰岛素肽差不多，它可以很容易地被施用。这大大增加了它的治疗潜力。

五 | Pinchas Cohen说：“这一发现为开发基于精准医疗的阿尔茨海默病疗法开辟了令人兴奋的新方向，重点是将SHMOOSE作为一个目标领域。”他是这项研究的资深作者，也是老年学、医学和生物科学的教授。“对携带突变和产生突变蛋白的个体施用SHMOOSE类似物，可能证明对神经退行性疾病和其他衰老疾病有好处。

六 | ”南加州大学神经科学博士毕业生Brendan Miller是该研究的第一作者。他利用大数据技术确定线粒体DNA中与疾病风险相关的基因变异。在分析发现一个基因突变增加了阿尔茨海默病风险、大脑萎缩和能量代谢后，Miller和他的同事发现突变的基因编码为SHMOOSE微蛋白，并开始研究其突变和默认形式。研究人员说，SHMOOSE是第一个用抗体和质谱法检测的线粒体DNA编码的微蛋白。

七 | 看起来这种微蛋白修改了中枢神经系统的能量信号和新陈代谢。它在神经元的线粒体中被发现，其在脑脊液中的水平与阿尔茨海默病的生物标志物相关。各种细胞培养和动物实验表明，SHMOOSE部分通过栖息在线粒体的一个关键部分，即线粒体内膜，改变了大脑的能量代谢。

八 | 阿尔茨海默病目前在美国被列为第六大死因。

九 | 然而，CDC最近的估计表明，这种疾病可能排在第三位，仅次于心脏病和癌症，是老年人死亡的原因之一。

十 | 尽管目前还没有治愈阿尔茨海默氏病的方法，但近年来在开发和测试新的治疗方法方面取得了重大进展。一个新兴的研究领域据Miller说，这些发现突出了微蛋白这一相对较新的领域的重要性。几十年来，科学家们主要通过考虑一组2万个大型蛋白质编码基因来研究生物学。然而，还有数十万个可能的编码微小微蛋白的基因已经被现代技术所揭示。

十一 | Miller表示：“微蛋白领域仍然是如此的新。我们还不知道有多少微蛋白基因甚至是有功能的，而且从成千上万的名单中逐一研究潜在的微蛋白的成本实在是太昂贵和低效。我和我的同事用来检测SHMOOSE的方法显示了将大的遗传学数据与分子和生物化学技术相结合以发现功能性微蛋白的力量。

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